Automotive battery management system (BMS) - 12 V to 24 V

Accurately monitors, protects, and optimizes electric vehicle (EV) battery performance, revolutionizing your driving experience and energy efficiency

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Overview

Infineon’s 12 V to 24 V BMS accurately monitors, protects, and optimizes battery performance. This automotive battery management system features low-power standby modes for diagnostics, monitoring SOC, SOE, SOH, SOP, SOS, temperature, cell voltages, and currents (including quiescent currents) of cells and the vehicle.

Benefits

  • Supporting up to 24 channels
  • Lowest system cost
  • Highly scalable
  • AURIX™: ASIL-D compliant MCU
  • TRAVEO™ T2G: Cost-optimized MCU
  • OPTIREG™ PMIC: ASIL-D compliant
  • TLE9012DQU: Cell monitoring IC
  • PSOC™ HVPA: Current & pack sensing
  • CoolMOS™ and CoolSiC™ switches
  • HITFET™ and PROFET™ switches
  • EXCELON™: FRAM
  • SEMPER™: NOR flash

Block diagram

About

Monitor, protect & optimize 12 V - 24 V electric vehicle (EV) battery
  • Cell monitoring & balancing: Diagnose cell voltages & temperatures, balance cell characteristics, and communicate with the main controller using low-power housekeeping.
  • Current sensing & coulomb counting: Measure SOC accurately and trigger battery disconnection with fast OCD using coulomb counting.
  • Battery controlling: Calculate SoC, SoH, SoP, and SoS, communicate with the domain controller, and perform housekeeping and firmware updates.
  • Battery passport & event logging: Log vital parameters, track malfunctions, support warranties clarification, and enable 'pay-per-use' models. Enhance battery performance and proactively condition it.
  • Battery pack monitoring: Detect thermal runaway, monitor battery disconnection, isolation, and overcurrent. Trigger disconnection units when necessary.
  • Battery disconnection & protection: Ensure EV safety during parking, charging, and discharging. Disconnect from charger and monitor disconnection state when triggered by failures or vehicle being off.
  • Isolated communication: Transmit cell information reliably between high-voltage and low-voltage domains using wired (Iso-UART) and wireless (low-power Bluetooth) topologies.
Enable faster time to market with complete BMS chipset

Infineon offers a complete and scalable BMS chipset, production-ready complex device drivers with integrated safety libraries, and supports up to ASIL-D safety standards. The interoperability and flexibility help you to reduce design effort and speed up time to market.

Applications

  • Vehicles: Passenger vehicles, light electric vehicles (electric two- & three-wheelers), commercial vehicles (e. g. trucks, construction vehicles, agricultural machines)
  • Propulsion systems: All types of propulsion systems
48 V applications
Ensure battery availability and diagnosis with ultra-low standby power

Low-voltage 12 V and 24 V batteries are important for ensuring the power availability of the low-voltage bus in passenger and commercial vehicles. The key function of the low-voltage availability battery is to:

  • Stabilize the low-voltage bus by ensuring the constant 12 V and 24 V supply during different operation modes.
  • Ensure the availability of the low-voltage bus for safety-critical functions, in case of any loss of the main energy source (e.g., engine or traction battery). Such safety-critical operations included steering, braking, door locking or unlocking, and many others.
Prevent damaging from high cycle frequency and low recharge currents

The low-voltage BMS is especially important for xEVs, because of the following main characteristics:

High cycle frequency: Low-voltage battery is drained much more frequently on an EV than on an internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle because it's always on to keep EV controlled remotely, maintain the charging of high-voltage (HV) battery and BMS communications.

Low recharge currents: The battery is not charged as frequently as on an ICE in order to save power for the HV battery, which allows for a longer range.

Best-in-class robustness with compact design and lowest PPM rates

Infineon's highly integrated products significantly decrease the footprint and help the customers to reduce costs by minimizing printed circuit board size. Besides, Infineon's Zero Defect Mindset is reflected in the lowest PPM rates in the market, and significantly reduces vehicle downtime and returns.

Monitor, protect & optimize 12 V - 24 V electric vehicle (EV) battery
  • Cell monitoring & balancing: Diagnose cell voltages & temperatures, balance cell characteristics, and communicate with the main controller using low-power housekeeping.
  • Current sensing & coulomb counting: Measure SOC accurately and trigger battery disconnection with fast OCD using coulomb counting.
  • Battery controlling: Calculate SoC, SoH, SoP, and SoS, communicate with the domain controller, and perform housekeeping and firmware updates.
  • Battery passport & event logging: Log vital parameters, track malfunctions, support warranties clarification, and enable 'pay-per-use' models. Enhance battery performance and proactively condition it.
  • Battery pack monitoring: Detect thermal runaway, monitor battery disconnection, isolation, and overcurrent. Trigger disconnection units when necessary.
  • Battery disconnection & protection: Ensure EV safety during parking, charging, and discharging. Disconnect from charger and monitor disconnection state when triggered by failures or vehicle being off.
  • Isolated communication: Transmit cell information reliably between high-voltage and low-voltage domains using wired (Iso-UART) and wireless (low-power Bluetooth) topologies.

Enable faster time to market with complete BMS chipset

Infineon offers a complete and scalable BMS chipset, production-ready complex device drivers with integrated safety libraries, and supports up to ASIL-D safety standards. The interoperability and flexibility help you to reduce design effort and speed up time to market.

Applications

  • Vehicles: Passenger vehicles, light electric vehicles (electric two- & three-wheelers), commercial vehicles (e. g. trucks, construction vehicles, agricultural machines)
  • Propulsion systems: All types of propulsion systems
48 V applications

Ensure battery availability and diagnosis with ultra-low standby power

Low-voltage 12 V and 24 V batteries are important for ensuring the power availability of the low-voltage bus in passenger and commercial vehicles. The key function of the low-voltage availability battery is to:

  • Stabilize the low-voltage bus by ensuring the constant 12 V and 24 V supply during different operation modes.
  • Ensure the availability of the low-voltage bus for safety-critical functions, in case of any loss of the main energy source (e.g., engine or traction battery). Such safety-critical operations included steering, braking, door locking or unlocking, and many others.

Prevent damaging from high cycle frequency and low recharge currents

The low-voltage BMS is especially important for xEVs, because of the following main characteristics:

High cycle frequency: Low-voltage battery is drained much more frequently on an EV than on an internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle because it's always on to keep EV controlled remotely, maintain the charging of high-voltage (HV) battery and BMS communications.

Low recharge currents: The battery is not charged as frequently as on an ICE in order to save power for the HV battery, which allows for a longer range.

Best-in-class robustness with compact design and lowest PPM rates

Infineon's highly integrated products significantly decrease the footprint and help the customers to reduce costs by minimizing printed circuit board size. Besides, Infineon's Zero Defect Mindset is reflected in the lowest PPM rates in the market, and significantly reduces vehicle downtime and returns.

Documents

Documents

Design resources

Partner solutions

Developer community

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